Fiber optic splitters play an increasingly important role in today's optical networks. From FTTX systems to traditional optical networks, they not only allow multiple users to share a single fiber interface but also maximize the functionality of optical network circuits for users. Today, we will briefly introduce fiber splitters.

With the continuous development of modern technology, various types of fiber splitters have emerged in the market. The two most common types are the Fused Biconic Taper (FBT) fiber splitter and the Planar Lightwave Circuit (PLC) fiber splitter. Apart from differences in size and appearance, there are many other distinctions between them.

1.  Material

FBT fiber splitters are made from materials such as steel, optical fiber, heat-shrink tubing, and other common substances. Because these materials are low-cost and the device manufacturing process is relatively simple, FBT fiber splitters are more affordable. In contrast, PLC fiber splitters are technically more complex and expensive. They are produced using semiconductor technology, significantly increasing the manufacturing difficulty and cost.

2.  Operating Wavelength

FBT fiber splitters support only three wavelengths: 850nm, 1310nm, and 1550nm and cannot operate at other wavelengths. PLC fiber splitters can work within a broader wavelength range of 1260nm to 1650nm. Therefore, PLC fiber splitters support a wider range of wavelengths.

3.  Splitting Ratio

FBT fiber splitters can have a splitting ratio of up to 1:32, while PLC fiber splitters can go up to 1:64, making PLC fiber splitters more reliable. Furthermore, based on more advanced technology, PLC fiber splitters can evenly split signals.

4.  Temperature

Temperature is a crucial factor affecting the performance of optical devices. Therefore, having good temperature stability is essential for device performance. FBT fiber splitters can operate stably in the temperature range of -5°C to 75°C, whereas PLC fiber splitters can operate in a wider temperature range of -40°C to 85°C, and they perform exceptionally well even in such extreme conditions.

In addition to these differences, FBT fiber splitters and PLC fiber splitters have other distinctions. For instance, PLC fiber splitters have a more compact size than FBT fiber splitters. Therefore, PLC fiber splitters are more suitable for high-density applications.