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100G QSFP28 DWDM PAM4 Transceiver

Source: | Author:Daniel | Published time: 2023-07-07 | 354 Views | Share:
PAM4 optical transceiver modules use four different pulse amplitudes to convey information. There are two bits per magnitude, which doubles the data rate and makes PAM4 twice as bandwidth efficient as the traditional binary model.

   

    1. What is PAM4 optical transceiver?

       

Using standard CFP and QSFP28 optical modules, 100Gbps data can be transmitted in the data center, but when the transmission needs to exceed 40km, this will become a problem, which requires 100G DWDM optical modules.

Since DWDM SFP transceivers are widely used in the expansion of 10G network capacity, DWDM technology is not new in the industry. In terms of functionality, 100G DWDM is very similar to its predecessor. However, in 100G networks it is often used to achieve longer distance transmission.

PAM4 is a industry-leading solutions that provide greater bandwidth and transmission distance. The PAM4 optical transceiver uses four different pulse amplitudes to convey information. There are two bits per magnitude, which doubles the data rate and makes PAM4 twice as bandwidth efficient as the traditional binary model.



2. Advantages of PAM4 


Before PAM4, the binary NRZ modulation format was used for 100Gbps long-distance and 40Gbps data transmission networks. PAM4 comes with four different patterns that encode two data bits, so the bandwidth of a connection can be doubled with this modulation format. Now, single-wavelength PAM4 modulation technology is being used as it is considered the most efficient and cost-effective enabler for 100G data transmission.

The PAM4 optical module can be directly used in the switch of the embedded DWDM network. This is a cost-effective and simple solution for customers willing to build embedded DWDM data networks.



3. Disadvantages of PAM4 


One of its disadvantages is that the PAM4 optical module needs an amplifier to transmit more than 5km. In this case, a separate DWDM multiplexer with dispersion compensation and an amplifier to connect to the data center is required. In addition, if the PAM4 optical module is used with the existing DWDM network, the DCM and amplifier must be prepared first to avoid problems in the future.

Another disadvantage is that PAM4 is susceptible to noise interference. Its additional voltage levels require reduced level spacing, resulting in a higher signal-to-noise ratio, which is why PAM4 works best in short-range optics.




  100G DWDM PAM4    100G QSFP28     200G QSFP56     200G QSFP-DD     400G QSFP-DD        

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